Toka Te Manawa
Ko tehauwaiwai Tuhinga ka whai mai waikura maitai (e kiia ana ko nga waikura totika) me te wai. Ma tenei, ko te kohinga hauwai e tohaina ana e nga mea e toru: te oxygen, te hauwai me te maitai e kiia ana. I roto i te whakakotahitanga, ka mahi tonu te konganuku hei Tuhinga ana ko te roopu roopu hauwai hei anion.
He maha nga ahuatanga o te Hydroxides i te nuinga, penei i te reka o te pango kia rite ki te hopi, he pahekeheke ki te pa, he waikore, he waikawa hopi me te hopi, he mimiti te hinu me te whanariki, me te whakautu ki nga waikawa hei whakaputa i te tote.
I tetahi atu waa, ko etahi ahuatanga e motuhake ana ki ia momo haumanu, penei i te konutai, e tere mimiti ai te hauhā me te wai; o te konupūmā ka riro mai i te uruparenga o te konupūmā waikura me te wai; te rino ranei (II) e kore nei e rewa i te wai.
Hei aha ma raatau?
He rereke te whakamahinga o nga hauwai i waenga i nga keehi rereke:
- Ko te konutai hauwai, hei tauira, he hononga ki te umanga hopi me te ataahua me nga taonga tiaki tinana.
- Ko te konupūmā waihāMo tana waahanga, he mahi takawaenga a ia i etahi waahanga penei i te whiwhi konutai pākawa waro.
- Ko te lithium hydroxide Ka whakamahia i te hanga o nga uku, ka whakamahia te konupora hei antacid, hei whakaroa ranei.
- Ko te hauwai waikawa E whakamahia ana i roto i te mahi whakawairakau tipu.
Waitohu
Mo te maha o nga huinga matū, he rereke nga nomenclature mo te hauwaiwai:
- Ko te whakaingoatanga tuku iho, hei tauira, koinei te mea ka tiimata me te kupu hydroxide e whai ake nei i te waahanga engari me whakaaro ki te mana e mahi ai: ka kotahi te tohu ka whakamahia te mutunga 'ico', ka rua ana ka ko ia tetahi e whai ana i te valence teitei rawa ki te 'pea' me tetahi me te waahanga iti ka mutu ki te 'ico', ana ka mahi ana kia toru, kia wha ranei nga raiona, ka taapirihia te timatanga 'hiccup' ranei 'ia' ka rite ki te keehi. hei
- Ko te Waitohu ingoa ko ia e whakamahi ana i te kupu hydroxide, engari kaua ki te whakakotahi ki te kupu kotahi, ka whakamahia te kupu whakarite 'o' ana ka whakarewa, ka tuu i nga taatai ki roto i nga awhi.
- Ko te nomenclature pūnahanaha koinei te mea kuhumua i nga kuhimua tau ki te kupu hauwai.
Tauira o te hauwaiwai
- Parahi (II) hauwai, Pb (OH)2, arahi dihydroxide.
- Platinum (IV) hauwai, Pt (OH)4, konukawata quadhydroxide.
- Hydroxide Vanadic, V (OH)4, vanadium tetrahydroxide.
- Ferrous hydroxide, Fe (OH)2, dihydroxide rino.
- Parahi (IV) hauwai, Pb (OH) 4, arataki tetrahydroxide.
- Hydroxide hiriwa, AgOH, hiriwa hauwaiwai.
- Cobalt Hydroxide, Co (OH)2, cobalt dihydroxide.
- Manganese hydroxide, Mn (OH)3, konihi trihydroxide.
- Ferric hydroxide, Fe (OH)3, rino trihydroxide.
- Ko te hauwaiwai Cupric, Cu (OH)2, parahi dihydroxide.
- Konumohe waihā, Al (OH)3, konumohe trihydroxide.
- Te Sodium hydroxide, NaOH, te konutai hauwai.
- Strontium hydroxide, Sr (OH)2, strontium dihydroxide.
- Konupora waihā, Mg (OH)2, konupora dihydroxide.
- Amoniuma hydroxide, NH4OH, waikawa hauwai.
- Cadmium hydroxide, Cd (OH)2, cadmium dihydroxide.
- Hydroxide Vanadic, V (OH)3, vanadium trihydroxide.
- Mercuric hydroxide, Hg (OH)2, mercury dihydroxide.
- Ko te waihā hauhā, CuOH, ko te waikawa hauwai.
- Lithium hydroxide, LiOH, lithium hydroxide.
I etahi wa, ko nga hydroxides he ingoa noa na te kaha ake o te whakamahinga, penei i te sodium hydroxide e kiia ana ko te houra caustic, te potassium hydroxide e kiia nei ko te potassium caustic, te konupūmā waihā e kiia nei he wai kotakota, he kotakota ranei kua tineia, ka kiia te konupora he miraka magnesia.
- Whāia me: He tauira o te hauhau (kua whakamaramatia)
